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ICAN Performance Management Notes

Measuring, analysing and improving the performance of an organisation. This course follows the ICAN syllabus in 77 topics. All 77 are published, each with detailed notes, worked examples, exam tips and ICAN-style practice questions.

Topics in ICAN Performance Management

Read them in order or jump to the one you need.

Topics in ICAN Performance Management, grouped by syllabus section
No.TopicRead
Management information systems and data analytics7 topics10% of marks
1Information systems in organisations: role, costs and benefitsRead note
2Internet, intranet, wireless technology and networks in businessRead note
3Information needs at strategic, tactical and operational levelsRead note
4TPS, MIS, EIS, ERP and CRM systems comparedRead note
5Social and ethical issues in strategy and the management accountant’s data roleRead note
6Big data principles and the big data pyramidRead note
7Big data, data mining and analytics: uses, benefits, challenges and risksRead note
Advanced costing techniques9 topics15% of marks
8Activity based costing: cost pools, cost drivers and calculationsRead note
9Activity based costing compared with traditional absorption costingRead note
10Target costing: principles and calculating the target costRead note
11Managing the target cost gap and target costing in servicesRead note
12Life cycle costing: product life cycle stages and costsRead note
13Life cycle cost and profit calculations, and the benefits of life cycle costingRead note
14Throughput accounting: theory of constraints and the throughput accounting ratioRead note
15Environmental management accounting and sustainability in businessRead note
16Environmental costs: methods, challenges and the management accountant’s roleRead note
Decision making techniques19 topics25% of marks
17Relevant costs and revenues, and opportunity costRead note
18Relevant costs for specific decisions: materials, labour, equipment and overheadsRead note
19Break-even analysis and margin of safety for Skills level decisionsRead note
20Contribution to sales ratio, target profit and target revenueRead note
21Break-even charts and profit-volume chartsRead note
22Multi-product CVP analysis and its limitationsRead note
23Limiting factors: allocating a single scarce resourceRead note
24Linear programming: formulation and graphical solutionRead note
25Linear programming: slack and shadow pricesRead note
26Price elasticity of demand and the factors that influence priceRead note
27Demand and cost functions: profit-maximising price and outputRead note
28Cost-based pricing: cost-plus and relevant-cost pricingRead note
29Market-based pricing: skimming, penetration and other strategiesRead note
30Make-or-buy and outsourcing decisionsRead note
31One-off contracts, shutdown and further processing of joint productsRead note
32Reducing uncertainty: research, simulation and sensitivity analysisRead note
33Expected values and decision rules: maximax, maximin and minimax regretRead note
34Decision trees for multi-stage decisionsRead note
35Value of perfect and imperfect informationRead note
Budgeting and control18 topics20% of marks
36Budgetary systems and types of budget: choosing the right oneRead note
37Preparing fixed and flexed budgetsRead note
38Rolling, activity-based, functional and master budgetsRead note
39The beyond budgeting model: benefits and problemsRead note
40Participation, negotiation and ethics in budgetingRead note
41High-low method and cost estimation for budgetsRead note
42Correlation, regression and time series for budgeting and forecastingRead note
43Learning curve: learning rate and learning effectRead note
44Learning curve in budgeting: steady state and limitationsRead note
45Standard costing: uses, how standards are set and types of standardRead note
46Basic variances: material, labour and idle timeRead note
47Material mix and yield variancesRead note
48Labour mix and yield variancesRead note
49Sales mix and quantity variancesRead note
50Planning and operational variances: revised budget, sales, market size and market shareRead note
51Planning and operational variances for materials and labourRead note
52Overhead variances and reconciling budgeted and actual profit at Skills levelRead note
53Behavioural effects of variances: motivation, JIT and TQMRead note
Performance measurement, control and management systems14 topics15% of marks
54Profitability ratios and financial performance measuresRead note
55Liquidity, solvency and efficiency ratiosRead note
56Non-financial performance indicatorsRead note
57Short-termism and financial manipulation of resultsRead note
58Sustainability and ESG performance measuresRead note
59The balanced scorecardRead note
60The Fitzgerald and Moon building block modelRead note
61Performance measurement in not-for-profit organisationsRead note
62Value for money as a public sector objectiveRead note
63Divisional performance: return on investment and residual incomeRead note
64Economic value added (EVA)Read note
65Transfer pricing methods and the optimal transfer priceRead note
66Transfer pricing: problems, tax and repatriation of fundsRead note
67Value chain analysis for performance managementRead note
Performance evaluation and corporate failure7 topics10% of marks
68Complex business structures: alliances, joint ventures and supply chainsRead note
69The performance pyramidRead note
70Value-based managementRead note
71Corporate failure and life cycle issuesRead note
72The Z-score and other quantitative failure modelsRead note
73The Argenti model and qualitative failure predictionRead note
74Preventing corporate failure and performance improvement strategiesRead note
Emerging issues in performance management3 topics5% of marks
75Current developments in management accountingRead note
76Benchmarking and target setting in the public sectorRead note
77The changing role of the management accountant and contemporary issuesRead note

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About ICAN Performance Management Notes

These are the 77 Performance Management topics, in teaching order, across 7 syllabus sections. The first note is “Information systems in organisations” and the last is “The changing role of the management accountant and contemporary issues”. Reading them all takes about 16 hours. At an hour a day, that is about 2 weeks.

What you will learn
  • Use information systems and data analytics to support management (10% of marks)
  • Cost products using activity-based costing and other advanced methods (15% of marks)
  • Make decisions under constraints, risk and uncertainty (25% of marks)
  • Build budgets, explain variances and recommend control action (20% of marks)
  • Measure divisional and organisational performance with financial and non-financial measures (15% of marks)
  • Evaluate performance and spot the warning signs of corporate failure (10% of marks)
  • Discuss sustainability and other emerging issues in performance management (5% of marks)
What ICAN asks most

These topics came up most often in the Pathfinder past questions mapped to these notes. A question that covers several topics counts for each one. Start here if you are short on time.

  1. Divisional performance: return on investment and residual income 14 questions
  2. Limiting factors: allocating a single scarce resource 13 questions
  3. Expected values and decision rules: maximax, maximin and minimax regret 12 questions
  4. Relevant costs for specific decisions: materials, labour, equipment and overheads 10 questions
  5. One-off contracts, shutdown and further processing of joint products 10 questions

Frequently asked Questions about Performance Management

What is ICAN Performance Management?

Measuring, analysing and improving the performance of an organisation. It is a Skills level paper.

Are the Performance Management notes free?

Yes. All 77 topics are free to read online. You pay only to keep them as PDF and Word, which come in the course pack with the full question bank and marking guides.

Do the notes cover variances, budgeting and sustainability?

Yes. Decision-making techniques carry the most marks at 25%, then budgeting and control at 20%. Variance analysis, performance measurement and sustainability reporting all have worked notes.

How many topics are in Performance Management?

There are 77 topics in 7 syllabus sections, in teaching order. Each has a summary, worked examples, exam tips and practice questions.

Which section carries the most marks in Performance Management?

Decision making techniques is the biggest section, at 25% of marks. Start there, but do not skip the rest. Any section can be examined.

Can I practise with past questions?

Yes. Every topic has ICAN-style practice questions with marking guides. Where past ICAN questions exist, a Pathfinder section lists them by diet and year, so you can try the real thing.

What mark do I need to pass Performance Management?

ICAN papers are normally passed with 50%. Confirm the current rule on the official ICAN portal, because the Institute can change it.

Are the notes up to date?

They follow the ICAN Skills level syllabus, so they are the same for every diet. Found a mistake? Tap Tell us on any topic and we will check it.

Are these notes from ICAN?

No. Accountants.ng is independent of ICAN. ICAN publishes the official syllabus, study text and past papers, so use our notes alongside them.

How do I study Performance Management without getting overwhelmed?

Take one topic at a time. Read it, try the practice questions, then check the marking guide. Move through the sections in order, and give extra time to the sections with more marks.